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This leads on to the phenomenon of 'space weather': a term brought into everyday language through the pioneering work of SOHO over the last decade and a half. Zooming in on a filament eruption near the Sun's limb (NASA SDO data). This can be done with the minimum of fuss, allowing more time for the links between coronal mass ejections (CMEs) and activity on the solar surface to be explored. Researchers can also juxtapose images of the Sun's corona, from SOHO's LASCO coronagraph, with concurrent ultraviolet data of the lower corona, provided by the EIT instrument, and MDI measurements of the magnetic field on the solar surface. Alternatively, the differential rotation of the Sun can be compensated for, allowing sunspots - indicators of solar activity cycles - to be tracked as they rotate across the solar surface. With more than 14 years worth of SOHO data now easy to access, users can follow the Sun's changing activity over an entire 11-year solar cycle. In this marriage of scales lies fresh potential for scientists to tackle some of the most pressing issues in modern solar physics. But you've never had the option to overlay the two and zoom in and out as you watch the Sun's activity evolve.' He went on to say: 'Before, you could either see the large-scale corona, or small patches on the solar surface. We now have a unique tool to tackle this hierarchy of scales,' said Müller. 'All solar scales are coupled: you have small scale phenomena tying into large scale events.

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For the first time, JHelioviewer allows users to overlay series of images from the Sun, from different instruments, and compile an animated sequence, which they can then manipulate as they watch, in order to follow a solar event from start to finish. However, the true power of the tool lies in its ability to allow cross-referencing of different aspects of the large data sets many events observed on the Sun are interconnected and occur over vastly different temporal and spatial scales. Credit: ESAĭeveloped as part of the ESA/NASA Helioviewer Project, JHelioviewer is an interactive, simple to use index of the data gleaned from fifteen years of watching the Sun from space. Overlaying data from three SOHO instruments in JHelioviewer to view solar events at multiple scales. It greatly speeds up the process,' he added.

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'JHelioviewer is a novel way of visually browsing the archive you can quickly identify interesting stuff and then go and get the scientific data. As part of a lengthy process you'd turn it into an animated sequence, that may or may not turn out to be useful,' Daniel Müller, SOHO Deputy Project Scientist, explained.

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'If you wanted to study a phenomenon in a specific region on the Sun on a certain day then you needed to download a large volume of data and calibrate it with the appropriate software. The challenge is that with this vast and ever-growing forest of data it is hard to see the wood from the trees. This will be key in achieving SDO's goal of helping scientists understand how the Sun's magnetic field is generated and structured and how this stored magnetic energy is converted and released into the heliosphere. At 6000 times the data rate of SOHO, and containing a constant stream of high-resolution images of the Sun over 10 spectral channels, the volume of data from SDO has made it necessary to develop new ways of visualizing the data.

This solar opus is beginning to be complemented by SDO, which is returning 1.5TB of data per day. With 12 instruments on board, probing every area of our star - from its interior out to the corona and the solar wind - SOHO has compiled a vast library of solar data. Since then, the space telescope has delivered a daily stream of 250MB of solar data back to researchers on Earth. The Sun has been under almost constant human surveillance from space since the SOHO mission was launched in December 1995.

Screenshot of the JHelioviewer user interface. JHelioviewer allows easy access to over 14 years worth of data from the ESA/NASA Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) along with the latest information beaming back from NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO).

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ESA offers a new way of looking at the SunĮSA has released interactive, open-source software that gives both scientists and the public an unprecedented insight into the ever-changing face of the Sun.

Jhelioviewer java